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1) the Russian Dative case is used to represent the indirect object that is to say, it denotes the recipient, addressee or beneficiary of an action.
- Иван позвонил маме. Ivan called to mom.
2) the Dative is widely used in impersonal constructions that describe an emotional or physical states: (feel hot, cold, warm etc.)
- Мне холодно/ жарко. I feel cold/ hot
3) it is also used to express state of mind, inclination, impression and state of health.
- Ему скучно, мне больно, ей это надоело.
4) to ask someone’s age. The personal pronoun that designates the person concerned is in the Dative both in the question and in the answer.
- Сколько вам лет? How old are you?
- Мне 29 лет. I am 29 years old.
5) with short form adjectives like нужен, полезен, необходим, вреден, известен, понятен, интересен etc.
- Мне нужна эта книга. I need this book.
6) the dative case in Russian language can be used with prepositions or without them.
The typical prepositions for the dative are:
- к сестре to a sister
- по воде by water
- согласно расписанию according to time-table
- благодаря брату thanks to a brother
7) Remember! Dative is always uses after the prepositions K and ПО
- Идти по улице - to go long the street.
- Интерес к музыке - an interest in music
8) Frequently used verbs that take the Dative case:
- помогать - помочь (to help)
- звонить -позвонить (to call)
- говорить - сказать (to say)
- давать-дать (to give)
- советовать-посоветовать (to advice)
- посылать-послать (to send)
- объяснять- объяснить (to explain)
- предлагать- предложить (to suggest, to suppose)
- раccказывать - рассказать (to tell)
- дарить- подарить (to present)
9) Dative is used after the verb нравиться/ понравиться to express «to like something or somebody»
- Мне нравится этот фильм. - I like this film
- Вам нравится Москва? - Do you like Moscow?
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